The first time period was during World War II, and the second time period was during the 1960s. Throughout the novel, Holden seems to be excluded from and victimized by the world around him. Because people are unpredictable, they challenge Holden and force him to question his senses of self-confidence and self-worth. The red hunting hat is one of the most recognizable symbols from twentieth-century American literature. He resents society as he does not seem to be part of it, and looks for sense of real place for him, where he could focus more on his phoniness. The following problem which demands careful consideration in lexical transformations of translation is problem of word combinability. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Grammatical transformations are characterized by various principles grammatical and lexical as well, though the principal role is given to grammatical ones. It is therefore unrealistic to expect to find equivalent idioms and expressions in the target language as a matter of course.[17:p45]. Salinger uses religion as a means for liberation. If you had a million years to do it in, you couldnt rub out even half the Fuck you signs in the world. Killing time before his date with Sally, Holden decides to walk from Central Park to the Museum of Natural History. The hat represents distance from society and insecurity. The fame of Salinger grew very much at Eighties, when it appeared a lot of articles and comments about The Catcher in the Rye: one critic said that this novel was satanic. The translation process from one language into another is inevitable without necessary grammatical transformations (change of structure). Joe has made an argument that the cat has fleas. Romanian translation used either obsolete or dialectal / regional words and expressions (or both) through out the novel and this can point out an obvious difference of language use between generations. While arguments attempt to show that something is, will be, or should be the case, explanations try to show why or how something is or will be. In Salingers Catcher in the Rye Holden Caulfields entire plot deals with him trying to isolate from society. He goes to Mr. Antolini's because he feels he can trust and confide in himit seems to be his final chance to save himself. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Salinger's language, especially his energetic, realistically sparse dialogue, was revolutionary at the time his first stories were published, and was seen by several critics as "the most distinguishing thing" about his work, During the investigation of this paper was identifying that J. D. Salingers style was marked by different themes, techniques that were used for achieving a good work such as J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Ray., After researching this paper it was established that: Lexical peculiarities - are the stylistic devices used by the author in his work. Hyperbole is a device which is sharpens the readers ability to make a logical assessment of the utterance. Modernists shared a common purpose. Traumatized and made acutely aware of the fragility of life by his brother Allie's death, Holden is terrified by the idea of change and disappearance. It took the standards of The New Yorker editors, among them William Shawn, to refine his writing into the "spare, teasingly mysterious, withheld" qualities of "A Perfect Day for Banana fish", The Catcher in the Rye, and his stories of the early 1950s. International words are words that are used in a wide range of languages in one or several forms. One group of polysemes are those in which a word meaning an activity, perhaps derived from a verb, acquires the meanings of those engaged in the activity, or perhaps the results of the activity, or the time or place in which the activity occurs or has occurred. The many negative reactions were mainly caused by the social and political background of the postwar period, by misunderstanding the text, by misreading it, by associating the novel with famous criminals and the reading of the novel by the wrong audienceteenagers instead of adults. In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. J. D. Salinger also uses another comparison with the worst place that could exist as hell because the author pointed out through the comparison like sad as hell (J.D.Salinger:13) that he used this word also with another meaning like that the person that made the worst thing in this life because through this words the author showed to the reader that Holdens feelings were compared with a hell. Nevertheless the translators have tried to compensate this loss through distinctive methods. They are classified as : The first four are grammatical and the last one lexical. The Modernists constructed their works out of fragments, omitting the exposition, transitions, resolutions, and explanations used in traditional literature., Many scientists investigated J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Ray expressed their points of view such as: In 1961, the critic Alfred Kazin explained that Salinger's choice of teenagers as a subject matter was one reason for his appeal to young readers, but another was "a consciousness [among youths] that he speaks for them and virtually to them, in a language that is peculiarly honest and their own, with a vision of things that capture their most secret judgments of the world." When Stradlater nonchalantly refuses to tell Holden any of the details, Holden attacks him, but Stradlater pins him to the floor and tries to get him to calm down. The difficulties involved in translating an idiom are totally different from those involved in interpreting it. Finally, idioms cannot be syntactically modified. Contemporary critics discuss a clear progression over the course of Salinger's published work, as evidenced by the increasingly negative reviews received by each of his three post-Catcher story collections. Indeed, the cynicism that Holden uses to avoid expressing his feelings may result from Allies death. Little Brown Books, New York: 1945. More books than SparkNotes. One group of polysemes are those in which a word meaning an activity, perhaps derived from a verb, acquires the meanings of those engaged in the activity, or perhaps the results of the activity, or the time or place in which the activity occurs or has occurred. This is a people shooting hat, I said. The author of this work is a writer that succeeded to combine all elements that represent this period in his work. Or if they just flew away. Where is Holden as he narrates the story? for a group? From the investigated material was defined that: A translation difficulty is a problem that could be met in the process of translation because a translation is the same text in a different language. A text has some features which make the texture of a text. But if you get on the other side, where there aren't any hot-shots, then what's a game about it? Observe the cat is scratching right now." Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. i have to pick 2 points on Allie's baseball mitt that reflects on isolation. His monologues are actually a linked association of ideas: he begins talking about his childhood, which leads him to his parents; then, while mentioning his New York adventures, he says that his brother already knows all about it, so he starts talking about his brother, that he has a talent for writing, but now lives in Hollywood wasting his energies in movies, which enables Holden to express his opinion about movies. The New Republic, Vol. The fact that this test again depends on speakers' judgments about relatedness, however, means that this test for polysemy is not infallible, but is rather merely a helpful conceptual aid. Holden is upset with the show more content Holden writes an essay for his friend Stradlater for school .Holden writes a composition about Allies glove and the writings on Allie's mitt . Paradigmatic and semantic relations are characteristic to any words and the lexical potential of words can be revealed in both cases. He is scared of the unknown and cannot handle things that are very complicated. As you can see the theme of the painfulness of growing up is very prevalent throughout The Catcher In The Rye. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! This is characterized by different functioning of a word in language, different in usage and combinability, but even the primary meaning of an English word maybe wider of the corresponding one in Russian. The Romanian translation is obviously courageous in the choice of words, modem in the choice of vocabulary and linguistic register. Log in here. The Romanian version faithfully and accurately kept and rendered Salingers use of intonational stress and italicized words, which represents an important case of gain. In fact, Holdens reactions to his adventure are more significant than the adventure itself. . An idiom or fixed expression may have a similar counterpart in the target language, but its context of use may be different; the two expressions may have different connotations, for instance, or they may not be pragmatically transferable. Anyway, Holden responds by doing a tap dance like you see in the movies, which he hates but gets a bang (his words) out of imitating. The types of the lexical peculiarities and their meanig would be pointed out in the context of this reserch paper. cite it. Another important type of translation difficulty that was used by the author in his writing The Catcher in the Rye is abbreviation that is a kind of shortening of the words through cutting one of the part of the word and using the apostroph for joining two words, that is the type which create a lot of problem in the prosses of translation.. Therse exemples of translation difficulties used by the author in his vovel The Catcher in the Ray shows to the reader that the writer tried to combine in his work different features of the period in which he activated that is Modernism and some important features of the previous period which is Realism. Salinger'sThe Catcher in the Ryehas served as a firestorm for controversy and debate. By throwing a tantrum. "Anything. In many of Salingers works loneliness is used to isolate characters from evil. It is important to be aware when an explanation isnota justification. why does holden write the composition for stradlater . "Anyway, that's what I wrote Stradlater's composition about. Nobodyd be different. Holden is very afraid of growing up and is also afraid of the unknown. My One should adopt a very cautious attitude toward these words or expressions so as to avoid interference and/or language misuse. Sometimes in translation, the translator will face some problems related to the equivalences of source and target languages. Most translation theorists agree that translation is understood as a transfer process from a foreign languageor a second languageto the mother tongue. The object of this research paper can be considered as one that gives the detailed review of the translation difficulties. Holden hates it when people like Stradlater try to pretend the only reason they're bad at English essays is commas, when really they're just not good at, you know, English. When Holden finally snaps and attacks his roommate, Stradlater easily overpowers him, and when he tries to seek refuge in Ackleys room, Ackley is so unpleasant that Holden cannot relax. The Atlantic Bookshelf, Vol. One might think that if the distinction can be made, people are home free and the computer can produce an acceptable translation. A lot of literary critics saw in this novel an advance of the crazies Sixties, with rebel and revolutionary young people who didnt understand the fabulous society that adults had build. Or the time when Holden's roommate Stradlater was not satisfied with the composition he asked Holden to write and Holden reacted to it. The only thing that would be different would be you. ); Intensification of a feature (simile, hyperbole, periphrasis). Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 11:46:52 PM. When done on synchronic level, this kind of code switching is called a paraphrase. Holden tells us the symbolic meaning of the museum's displays: they appeal to him because they are frozen and unchanging. Transposition, thats, change of structure of the sentence may be caused by several reasons. Through experience it was learned that the consequences of wrong translations can be catastrophicespecially if done by laypersonsand mistakes made in the performance of this activity can obviously be irreparable. Holden then asks Stradlater who the girl he was dating was. J. D. Salinger is one of the main representatives of the Modern literature which is experimented with a wide variety of new approaches and techniques, producing a remarkably diverse body of literature. It is, of course related to the development of a given languages and formation of its lexical system. You can view our. Holden gets up and goes into Ackleys room, his face covered in blood. my first topic sentence isabout emotional feelings towards Allie but i don't knw what can i pick for the 2 nd topic sentence. At the same time, he is very self-conscious about the hathe always mentions when he is wearing it, and he often doesn't wear it if he is going to be around people he knows. These elements, in English are: personals, demonstratives, and comparatives. . What happens to Holden after his date with Sally Hayes and his meeting with Carl Luce both end badly? Sapir's thesis, endorsed later by Whorf, is related to the more recent view advanced by the Soviet semiotician; Lotman that language is a modelling system. In addition, the ducks prove that some vanishings are only temporary. In literature and writing, a stylistic device is the use of any of a variety of techniques to give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling to the literal or written. He used to name, above all, the religion as the proper solution (for example, Holden was sad when he lost his girlfriend, and he read a passage in the Bible). From these two parts in different languages could be resulted that were used different types of translation difficulties in order to give the smallest basic elements that couldnt be seen without analyzing these two parts and taking into account the main element that mast be discussed translation difficulties. He is a nonconformist. Lexical cohesion is a relation that exists between or among specific elements of different sentences in a text and is achieved through the vocabulary. He stands up for Harley and Maddi and against protagonists like Nathan throughout the novel. Phoniness, which is probably the most famous phrase from The Catcher in the Rye, is one of Holden's favorite concepts. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. This offends Stradlater, who refuses to answer. Holden believes childhood is very. In The Catcher in the Rye, why does Holden like Mercutio (from Romeo and Juliet) so much? . (J. D. Salinger: 7). It is a memorable moment, because Holden clearly lacks such willingness in other aspects of his life. These characteristics frustrate Holden, and they make Stradlater . The theme of this thesis that would be discussed is Lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger and this theme was chosen in order to describe the lexical peculiarities used by the author and to make distinction in the types of translation difficulties and to identify them in this work. Happiness is the very substance which all of these characters are striving for in Salingers works. According to most analyses, The Catcher in the Rye is a bildungsroman, a novel about a young character's growth into maturity. As far as idioms and phraseological units are concerned in translation, the first difficulty that a translator comes across is being able to recognize that s/he is dealing with an idiomatic expression. And finally, it can be said that Salinger didnt assume the fame as well as other authors and hes actually out of the literary world. Its impossible. The Catcher in the Rye and J. D. Salinger were very popular among young people because his rich and fresh vocabulary, full of slangs, connected with the teenagers; in the Fifties, there were a lot of articles about The Catcher Cult. The conclusion is that the Romanian translation played an innovatory role and an influential one in the literary system of the native country by breaking the norms of the TL, in order to render the stylistic qualities of the ST, and by introducing the use of slang language into Romanian, as a new and alternative means of expression. Holden's deep unresolved sadness over the loss of his brother, a person he tells us was better than him,who should not have died at such as young age, indicates that he feels a sense of guilt over being alive Holden questions why he should still be here, when he brother, who was smarter and kinder than him should be dead.One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. Wed love to have you back! It has also expressed my belief that a literary translation should not compete with the original, its main task being that of recreating the same atmosphere and the same effect of the ST on the TT readers and to make the readers understand the original text no matter if they speak or do not speak the SL since it is said that a translation can even make native speakers of a language better understand a SL text. Nothing. ; his preference for the first person narrative; his attitudes towards sex, war, phony world, materialism and false values; his constant references to music and songs, to the movie industry, to movie stars and to famous movies; his penchant for constantly making references in his literary creations to writers, to literary works and classic characters; his preference for creating stories around the brother-sister relationship, but also around the idea of family and the relationships between family members; his love for children and the innocence they stand for; his multitude of representative names and characters and his preference for dialogue and replies; his tendency to use real and historical data or to introduce in his fiction real. Idiom more than any other feature of language demands that the translator be not only accurate but highly sensitive to the rhetorical nuances of the language. Nobodyd move. He always mentions when hes wearing it and he often doesnt wear it if he is going to be around people he associates with. Here, we see how deeply his desire for independence is connected to his feeling of alienation, to the bitterness he has for the rest of the world. I swear to God I don't (Chapter 9). In recent years, Salinger's later work has been defended by some critics; in 2001, Janet Malcolm wrote in The New York Review of Books that "Zooey" "is arguably Salinger's masterpiece. Rereading it and its companion piece "Franny" is no less rewarding than rereading The Great Gatsby". These two criterias identify the needs for a good knowledges in English in some of its branches of science. The museum represents the world Holden wishes he could live in: it's the world of his catcher in the rye fantasy, a world where nothing ever changes, where everything is simple, understandable, and infinite. Rev. But then, they have solutions and they can change their hard conditions for better ones. None of their constituents may be substituted with words of similar meaning. The author used a lot of stylistic devices of these kinds in order to capture readers attention to the smallest elements used by the writer for pointing out those elements that could not be used without those peculiarities of Modernists writers. As he demonstrates at the Museum of Natural History, Holden likes the world to be silent and frozen, predictable and unchanging. The popularity of the novel and debate over its redeeming social value have never faltered since its initial publication, due in no large part to the fact that J.D. Get expert help in mere Holden's brash decision to attack Stradlater is a result of his pent-up anxiety and anger. The main difficulties involved in translating idioms and fixed expressions may be summarized as follows: Like single words, idioms and fixed expressions may be culture-specific. The fact that he keeps the mitt with poems inside, tells the reader that Holden has not let Start your 48-hour free trial to unlock this answer and thousands more. Yes, Holden agrees with Stradlater to write composition for him because he decided to make a deal with the society. Already a member? It could even state that Holdens personality is more important than the story he is going to tell us. Stradlater's composition is supposed to be about a room in a house that can be described. E.G. The translator is always alert in order to catch a passage that is marked, forms a particular sensitivity allowing the translator, to stop and think about an unusual formulation even when in translators experience he/she never ran across that particular idiomatic expression.
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